Being a full-stack developer is a straightforward term. Full-stack developers are the ones who can learn a wide range of skills and use them to complete a project on their own.
The full-stack development process consists of three stages.
- Create code that determines the architecture of the website.
- Create code to collect information from users and store it in databases.
- Server administration.
A full-stack web developer uses common programming languages such as CSS, JS, and HTML5 while writing code to build a website. When a developer writes code to collect data from users and store it in several databases, the programmer uses various languages such as PHP, Python, and others to construct algorithms and business logic for manipulating the data.
A full-stack developer’s final task is to host the database on servers. The website is readily accessible on the internet once it hosts on a server. It can be accessed in a matter of seconds by anyone. Over the last few years, several cloud-based development environments have emerged. These hosted environments are helpful if the developer is learning something new or if stuck on a computer with just a web browser and no administrative rights to install the apps.
Full-Stack Python Developer
A full-stack Python developer knows how to use the Python programming language suite to build all types of applications.
Python allows computers to run the software and communicate with one another. Python code communicates with code written in other languages such as C and JavaScript.
To make their life easier, Python Developers use frameworks.
Python Frameworks
Frameworks reduce development time by automating repetitive tasks, allowing developers to concentrate more on application logic than common elements.
Python frameworks are plentiful since it is one of the most common programming languages. Each system has its collection of benefits and drawbacks. As a result, the decision must be taken based on the project’s criteria and the developer’s preferences.
Python frameworks are divided into three categories: full-stack, micro-framework, and asynchronous.
Types of Frameworks
Full-Stack Frameworks
Full-stack web frameworks serve as a one-stop shop for all developer needs. A standard full-stack architecture typically includes form generators, form validation, and design templates.
Microframework
These are simple frameworks that don’t have any extra features or functionalities, such as a database abstraction layer, form validation, or special tools and libraries. Developers who use microframework must manually add a lot of code and specifications.
Asynchronous Framework
Any asynchronous framework is a microframework that allows for the management of many concurrent connections, and it has recently gained popularity. An asynchronous system written in Python usually makes use of the asyncio library.
Best Python Full-Stack Frameworks
Django
Framework with all the bells and whistles For developing Python applications, Django is one of the most common web development frameworks. In reality, it is one of the top ten web development frameworks in the year 2021. The Django system adheres to the DRY theory (Don’t Repeat Yourself).
The free and open-source Python platform has many built-in features rather than providing them as separate libraries. Django’s object-relational model (ORM) is used to map objects to database tables.
As a result, the code can now operate for several databases and is easier to switch from one to the other. Django comes with built-in support for MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, and Oracle Database, but it can also use third-party drivers to support other databases.
Python Package Managers easy install and pip are both available. These render installing and upgrading Python packages and package dependencies a breeze.
Django is one of the high-level python web frameworks encouraging rapid development and pragmatic design. This framework helps the developers to create applications as soon as possible. Moreover, there is security provided to help developers get away with any common security mistakes. Django helps most of the busiest sites to attain a high flexibility scale.
Dash
Dash is a Python-based open-source platform for developing analytical web applications. It is an excellent Python platform for data scientists who aren’t familiar with web creation.
Dash applications are Flask-based web servers that interact with JSON packets via HTTP requests. ReactJS is used to render components in their front end. Flask plugins expand Dash’s functionality.
Dash apps are cross-platform and mobile-ready since they are rendered in a web browser and deployed to servers. The underlying Flask case and all of its configurable properties are available to Dash developers.
As the Dash framework uses Plotly.js, React, and Flask, it helps in providing modern UI elements, for example, dropdowns, sliders, and graphs, to the application. It helps in creating interactive web applications. Moreover, there is no need to learn HTML, CSS, or Javascript to create an interactive dashboard for applications. The building blocks of Dash are Layouts and Callbacks. Layouts describe the look of the application, and the callback brings interactivity to it.
Flask
A microframeworks Flask is a standard Python application that is available under the BSD license. The microframework, based on the Sinatra Ruby framework, includes the Jinja2 template and the Werkzeug WSGI toolkit. Flask is easily adaptable thanks to its lightweight and modular nature.
Flask helps developers create a robust web application base on which they can add any extension they want. The micro-framework is Google App Engine compliant.
Flask does not include a database abstraction layer by default. However, this framework provides extensions to add such functionalities to the applications. Various extensions provide database integration, upload handling, form validation, open authentication technologies, and other crucial functionalities. Moreover, Flask allows the implementation of advanced patterns in SQLAlchemy or other database tools and appropriately introduces non-relational data persistence. Flask provides numerous hooks for the customization of the platform.
CherryPy
CherryPy is a microframework. It is a standard open-source Python object-oriented framework with a minimalistic approach. The micro-framework, which debuted in June 2002, is one of the oldest Python frameworks.
Any CherryPy-powered web application is a stand-alone Python software with its own embedded multi-threaded web server which runs on the operating system that supports Python. An app like this can run anywhere that a regular Python app can.
It comes with a set of pre-installed tools for authentication, caching, encoding, sessions, and static content, and it also runs on Android.
CherryPy facilitates the developers to build any web application just like building any object-oriented python program. This framework is fast and reliable. The developers can use this framework in the production of many sites, from simpler to complex ones. Moreover, CherryPy provides its very own production-ready HTTP server for web applications. CherryPy provides advanced features like secure server and multiple HTTP server support, WSGI support, WebSocket support, Database support, HTML Templating support, and many more.
Giotto
Giotto is a Python application framework based on the Model View Controller pattern. Giotto separates Model, View, and Controller elements to enable web designers, web developers, and system administrators to function independently.
Giotto comes with controller modules that let users build apps on top of the network, IRC (Internet Relay Chat), and the command line.
It comes with a built-in cache that supports Memcache and Redis (Available API for extending support for other engines)
It has a RESTful GUI and a standard “browser POST” CRUD site.
Giotto framework encourages the development of a code that is easily maintainable for a long time. Instead of having a mindset of launching the code fast, Giotto reduces the complexity of the code and simplifies the models to work efficiently. Moreover, it has built-in classes like HTTP, Command-Line, and IRC. All of the model functions in Giotto can call other model functions, increasing the usability of the code.
AIOHTTP
System for asynchronous operations AIOHTTP is a Python application that heavily relies on features from Python 3.5+, such as async and awaits. The Python framework is asynchronous since it allows the use of Python’s asyncio library.
AIOHTTP can be used as a client framework as well. It has a request object and a router that route queries to already-made functions to handle them.
It allows for the efficient construction of views. It provides middleware support and works with both Client WebSockets and Server WebSockets regardless of the CallBacks.
The AIOHTTP version 3.0 is famous as it drops yield from support and uses async or await everywhere. The minimum version it supports is Python version 3.5.3. The reason is that in this version, the asyncio.get_event_loop() function returns the running loop and not the default, which could be different in different cases. A simple example of the code is below:
Loop = asyncio.new_event_loop() loop.run_until_complete(f())
Falcon
Falcon has gained popularity of being one of the most used Python Frameworks. It is a micro framework that helps create web APIs efficiently and saves time and effort. Falcon is one of the most efficient frameworks as it does not require any dependency for creating any API. Falcon helps the developers by providing an opportunity to use HTTP and REST architecture.
Falcon provides 100% coverage of code for the developers. Most famous platforms, such as OpenStack, LinkedIn, and RackSpace, use Falcon to empower their functionalities. Moreover, the Falcon framework provides valuable features like highly optimized code, easy access to the headers, profound exception handling, Cython support, and the ability to perform unit testing.
Growler
Growler is an Asynchronous framework. This framework lies under the category of a micro web framework which is inspired by the Express and the NodeJS frameworks. Growler is written on top of the asyncio library of Python. This framework differs from the others due to its process of request handling.
Growler possesses key features like using decorators for writing clean and reusable code, supporting a wide range of open-source packages, lack of required callbacks, transparent program flow, and the ability to convert an entire program into an executable file using the Ziapp module.
Tornado
Tornado is an asynchronous framework that helps web application development using a non-blocking framework I/O. This framework provides efficiency as it can handle enormous connections simultaneously. Moreover, Tornado has four major components which aid its utilization. These components include a RequestHandler that helps create web applications, a coroutine library that enables writing asynchronous code, a component that provides the client and server-side implementations, and a network library that allows using IOStream and IOLoop classes.
Moreover, Tornado provides features like built-in user authentication support, high-quality performance, third-party authorizations, and authentications, including Google, Twitter, Facebook, and many others, and a non-blocking HTTP client.
Web2Py
Web2Py is a full-stack Python web development framework. This open-source framework is getting popular because it efficiently handles the data. Web2Py helps in the secure and rapid development of web applications. This platform provides scalable and easy development for complex web applications. It supports MVC architecture and performs operations on all the major operating systems.
The developers can work with databases such as Oracle, MySQL, SQLite, PostgreSQL, Google App Engine, and MongoDB. Moreover, Web2Py provides features like the readability of protocols, providing a cross-platform framework, no unnecessary installations and configurations, and error tracking through ticketing and logging.
Moreover, there are numerous other Python full-stack frameworks such as Bottle, CubicWeb, Web.py, and Pyramid.
